Friday, May 9, 2008

NATURE OF LIFE

For anything that moves is alive and anything that does not move is lifeless. Living beings perform such acts as nutrition and growth. These are the fundamental activities of metabolism, growth, irritability, reproduction, heredity are found in the simplest unicellular organism to the more complex organisms. These activities are called vital acts. Vital acts proceed from the nature of an organic being. The philosopher seeks the causes or principles of vital acts. They are to find the essence of life and to reach the definition of life. Essences are not empirical; we must first find what a thing is by observing what a thing does. An organism is alive by its activities: yet an organism is not alive because it performs vital acts. However it only performs vital acts because it is alive. Vital functions are natural, it follows that vital acts begin and end within the human. The vital activity is also the immanent activity. An immanent act is different from a transient act. A transient act is one that begins in the agent and ends in the patient. However some acts which begin and end in the same being but are not immanent acts. A vital act is not just immanent: it is an act which is properly essentially but a vital act is one which by its very nature must begin and end in the same agent.
Vital acts perfect the organism. It is the completion of a being according to the capacity of its nature. Life is somehow manifested to us through motion through immanent activity which characterizes life. Such acts as nutrition, growth, reproduction pertain to the organism. Its life is due to its substantial form and this form is defined by Aristotle is its first act or soul. The soul is an intrinsic or constitutive principle of a living being is that which renders a living being essentially superior to nonliving ones. People differ from one another in a many ways. For example interests, abilities, motivations, personality, education, skills, and hobbies. There are many vital acts which a person is not always performing. Any normal person when not performing those acts still retains the powers to perform them. In fact, a person still retains his capacity even though he never actuates it. Men are capable of executing the nutritive function. A man performs only those acts which he has the power to perform. One substance can perform many acts simply because it has diverse powers to perform these acts. However although all powers are rooted in the soul as their subject no power can act without the body. The importance of attributing all vital activities to the psychosomatic composite thereby preserving its intrinsic unity. A living being performs distinct types of activity. It is endowed with powers distinct from its substance.
Even though all material objects are different they are all seen through only one power of sight. Material objects are formal objects that serve as the criteria for distinguishing powers. Knowledge of nutrition, growth, and reproduction will be applicable to the those organisms which perform these acts for all living things have to a greater or lesser extent. The properties of specific size, shape, metabolism, movement, irritability, growth, reproduction, and adaption. This approach moreover will be in keeping with our methodology of proceeding from the more universal to the less universal and vegetative functions are more universal than acts of intellect and will. In the sense that more things perform vegetative than distinctively human acts.

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